Poland is moving to deploy about 40,000 troops along its eastern frontier in the coming days as tensions rise ahead of the Russia-Belarus joint military exercises Zapad-2025, scheduled for 12-16 September. Deputy Defense Minister Cezary Tomczyk told Polish media that the deployment will significantly scale up Poland’s presence from roughly 10,000 troops currently near the Belarus border. Tomczyk described Zapad-2025 as “offensive in nature” and said Poland has been preparing for these drills for many months, including exercises involving over 30,000 Polish soldiers alongside NATO forces to ensure readiness.
The decision follows reported violations of Poland’s airspace: on the night of September 9-10, 2025, nineteen drones, most of which Poland says came from Belarus, were recorded entering Polish airspace, some of which were shot down. The incident has heightened Polish and NATO concerns over the nature and intent of Zapad-2025.
Poland’s move is partly defensive —Warsaw aims to deter any spillover or covert operations during the Belarus-Russia drills, especially given the stated scope of Zapad-2025, which includes readiness scenarios against air strikes, sabotage, and potential nuclear-capable missile deployment. Russian officials describe the exercises as routine and not directed at any specific country.
In addition to troop increases, Poland is also imposing flight restrictions along its eastern border area and stepping up coordination with NATO allies. The buildup reflects growing unease in Warsaw about possible escalations tied to Zapad-2025, especially after drone overflights, with Warsaw taking steps to ensure readiness and deterrence.
